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Antifreeze poisoning in dog
In Dogs

Antifreeze Poisoning In Dogs- How To Diagnose And Manage It.

5 Mins Read

Antifreeze is highly dangerous to animals and can lead to kidney failure, which can be fatal. However, pets enjoy the liquid and will happily consume it if given the opportunity. Antifreeze poisoning is among the most prevalent causes of death in small animals, owing to its widespread availability in homes. When antifreeze leaks from a car’s radiator, it is licked off the ground and consumed by a pet, resulting in antifreeze poisoning. Antifreeze is poisoned by the toxin ethylene glycol.

As a result, dogs will ingest large amounts of ethylene glycol before becoming repelled by the aftertaste. The brain, liver, and kidneys are all affected by antifreeze toxicity. Engine coolant and hydraulic braking fluids both include ethylene glycol.

Antifreeze poisoning affecting the dog

Antifreeze is extremely dangerous to dogs and can result in major health problems if you don’t move swiftly. The component that poisons the dog is ethylene glycol, which is commonly used in antifreeze because it lowers the freezing point of water. Antifreeze is distinguished by its vivid green color, yet it is not made of ethylene glycol, which is a colorless, odorless, and pleasant liquid.

The biggest problem with antifreeze is that such a small amount can be exceedingly poisonous, if not lethal, to a dog. While it tastes delicious to your dog at first, it has a very bitter aftertaste, especially since they eat it so quickly and it only takes a small quantity to make them sick.

Antifreeze is present in a variety of household products, including paint, solvents, ink, home solar systems, and wood stains, in addition to your automobile’s engine. It’s also utilized in hydraulic brake fluids, windshield, radiator fluid, motor oil, and other liquids required in car maintenance. This indicates that the drug is almost certainly present in your home, whether you are aware of it or not.

How Antifreeze occur in the body of the dog

When ethylene glycol is ingested by a dog, it is metabolized in the dog’s liver within a few hours, resulting in the formation of oxalic acid. Calcium oxalate crystals are formed when this material binds to calcium in the blood.

how antifreeze occur in dog

These crystals will eventually make their way to the dog’s kidneys, causing the dog to become very sick. This can induce renal failure and possibly death if left untreated. Due to the very hazardous nature of ethylene glycol, dog owners must exercise extreme caution while using it and be especially cautious about where they store it. Poisoning from ethylene glycol can happen fast once the dog takes it, and it will happen in phases.

Symptoms of Antifreeze in dog

The symptoms of antifreeze poisoning vary depending on how soon after intake they occur. The pet may get melancholy, wobble when moving, and have convulsions in the first several hours following consumption. They may drink a lot of water, pee a lot, and vomit a lot. The pet may appear to be doing better for a day or two before rapidly deteriorating as its kidneys fail. Depression and vomiting are two symptoms of renal failure. The volume of urine they produce will frequently drop to a minuscule amount. It can eventually lead to death after being in a coma.

Symptoms of antifreeze in dog

Diagnosis of Antifreeze in dog

The veterinarian will do a comprehensive physical examination on your pet, bearing in mind the history of symptoms as well as any incidences that may have contributed to the development of this condition. A comprehensive blood analysis, along with a chemical blood test and a urinalysis, will be performed. If feasible, your veterinarian will test the vomit or stool, since this will help the veterinarian diagnose the type of poisoning and speed up your dog’s therapy. The therapy will also be determined by the medical history you provide, so be as accurate as possible.

Management and prevention of Antifreeze in dog

The purpose of antifreeze poisoning treatment is to prevent ethylene glycol from being absorbed into the dog’s body. Because the chemical absorption of the ethylene glycol may not have started yet, your dog’s chances are considerably increased if you can start therapy within five hours of intake.

management of antifreeze

To avoid this from happening, the first step will be to remove the chemical from the dog’s system. Intravenous fluids, as well as increased blood flow and urine elimination, may be given by your veterinarian to treat or prevent dehydration. This will aid in the removal of ethylene glycol before it causes too much harm. Giving your dog a basic hydrogen peroxide solution might also cause vomiting; once your dog has vomited, you can’t do it again.

By following a few simple steps, you may easily prevent your dog from becoming poisoned by antifreeze. Be aware of what items in your home contain ethylene glycol, and keep the containers well locked and out of reach of your dog.

If you ever use antifreeze on your own, make every effort not to spill any, but if you do, make sure to clean it up carefully and promptly. Make careful to properly dispose of any used containers.

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A Cat with Mastitis
In Cats

Mastitis in Cat: How to go about it

4 Mins Read

Mastitis is an inflammation of a female’s mammary gland that affects the cat. This causes redness, pain, and swelling to the affected breast but can occur in one or multiple breasts of a cat. It occurs when the lactating female’s mammary gland becomes inflamed, blocked, or infected.

Mastitis is caused by a bacterial infection. Any injury to the nipple or teat canal, such as biting, can allow bacteria to enter the teat canal, traveling up into the mammary gland and creating a bacterial infection. Even in the absence of any injury to the body, a female cat living in an unclean environment may be exposed to large quantities of bacteria and others thereby causing the infection.

Mastitis is mostly happening during the postpartum period after a cat gives birth. A cat can develop mastitis if they are suddenly weaned or if their kittens die. This leads to the accumulation of milk within their mammary glands.

mastitis in Cat

Mastitis is only caused by nursing female cats. When kittens are nursing, they may not be clean and push their tiny paws on the mother cat’s breasts, which could cause urine or feces to get in the mother cat’s milk ducts.

If a mother cat has just given birth and has been involved in a fight with another animal outside, during the fight the cat may be wounded on the breast and this may lead to infection if care is not taking.

It is uncommon for mastitis to occur without signs of infection. Injury to the breast, such as a bruise or cracked nipple, can lead to inflammation within the breast itself.

Signs of Mastitis in Cat

If you notice your cat’s mammary glands are swollen, red, and warm to the touch, your cat is most likely suffering from mastitis. Your animal might also be experiencing discharge from its teats and feel pain when you try to touch its mammary glands.

A cat with mastitis sign

If your cat has this infection as a result of blocked milk ducts, you may notice that the kittens they are nursing are not gaining weight as expected.

This is because milk cannot pass through the inflamed teat canal and therefore the kitten does not get the food it needs. Other signs that a cat has mastitis include fever, yellow or thick milk, refusal to let the kittens nurse, depression, loss of appetite, Lethargy, death.

Diagnosis of Mastitis in Cat

Physical examination of the breast may help to differentiate mastitis from other conditions, but sometimes it cannot be determined without laboratory tests. These include bacterial culture, blood count, or cytology of milk with pus.

A cat with diagnosis of mastitis

Treatment of Mastitis

Most cats with mastitis can be treated at home with antibiotics and pain medication. Cats should also be allowed to stay home with their kittens during treatment. Cabbage leaf compresses also can be used to reduce pain and inflammation.

Cabbage leaves should be attached to the affected mammary gland using a bandage or fitted t-shirt. Once applied, they should be left there for like three hours.

A cat with mastitis undergoing treatment

The veterinarian can recommend the best course of action when it comes to kittens ceasing nursing. If your vet recommends they cease nursing, it is temporary until the mother recovers. If the kittens are too young to wean, you will have to bottle feed.

The best way you can keep a cat from getting mastitis is by maintaining good hygiene. Cats do constantly clean themselves up and their kittens, but they always lying down whenever they want to feed the kittens, If their home is not clean, the cat’s teats may be exposed to bacterial infection leading to contamination of the breast.

Mastitis is a common disease in cats that can be prevented by making sure the kittens nurse from all of the teats and not just a few of them. You can prevent mastitis by checking the teats daily for normal milk production.

 

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A wounded dog with cellulitis
In Dogs

Everything you Need to Know About Sepsis in Dog | 4 Exclusive Treatment and Prevention

4 Mins Read

Sepsis in dogs is defined as the presence of bacteria or toxins in the bloodstream. Bacteria can reach the blood in different ways and settle anywhere in the body.

Sepsis in Dog is the result of a long-lasting infection that has not been treated. The bacteria enter the bloodstream and infect the entire system of an animal. If it is left untreated, sepsis can cause septic shock, which is lethal for dogs. However, if you notice early signs of sepsis and your dog received treatment in time, then your dog will be free from sepsis.

Septicemia is a bacterial infection that can cause sepsis (severe blood poisoning) in dogs. It is caused by bacteria entering the bloodstream through either dental problems or intestinal problems. The presence of bacteria in the bloodstream, known as bacteremia, is usually temporary because the body will be able to control and eliminate it quickly.

A wounded dog

The infection may be caused by a variety of infectious agents. Commonly, it is E. coli or staphylococci bacteria that cause the problem. If the dog has a weakened immune system or is suffering from an existing medical problem such as kidney disease or diabetes, sepsis will occur, or if the infection is not treated within few weeks and his immune system is not able to eliminate them.

The longer an object is left in the body, the more likely it will become infected. Septicemia is generally worse in animals that have weak immune systems or are sick due to immune system conditions.

Symptoms of Sepsis in Dog

When the bacteria spread throughout the body, it can affect various organs and cause symptoms like tremors, vomiting, confusion, and diarrhea. This may be accompanied by breathing difficulties, rapid heart rate, heart murmur, high fever, low blood pressure, low blood sugar, pale gums, shaking and chills, lack of appetite, lethargy, depression, hiding behavior, general state of weakness, or putting the animal in a coma. Those are symptoms of Sepsis in Dog.

Dogs that are already suffering from chronic diseases or a weakened immune system are at greater risk of infection. These dogs can develop septic shock, which is characterized by a severe decrease in blood pressure and an increase in heart rate and organ failure.

Septic shock in dogs is a result of substances generated by the body to fight infection and bacteria toxins.

A dog with symptoms of sepsis receiving IV fluid.
Dog receiving iv treatment, close-up.

The severity and speed of the disease depend on how the dog’s body is able to fight off the infection. If your pet’s immune system does not work correctly, it may get an immune-mediated disease. The symptoms are similar, so it is important to confirm that you do not have a different condition causing these problems.

Treatment of Sepsis in Dog

Sepsis in dog can be diagnosed by sending blood samples to the laboratory for a culture. This process allows for the reproduction of the bacteria present in the dog so that it can be identified and given an antibiotic appropriate for its type.

  • With septic fever, the dog should be provided with treatment that is aggressive to minimize the chance of death. If not treated properly, septicemia may cause death.
  • Treatment for this condition will include antibiotics and antimicrobials. The dog will need specialized antibiotics for this condition.

A dog undergoing accupunture treatment

  • Infections may develop into severe infections and sepsis, but they don’t always.
  • Early treatment of the infection can prevent it from spreading into the bloodstream, which may decrease the likelihood that your pet will ever develop this potentially fatal problem.

Sepsis in Dog is the result of an infection but it cannot be spread to other pets or people. The underlying cause of sepsis might be contagious, so if a dog with parvovirus develops sepsis, the parvovirus may or may not infect another dog.

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